Depression is a very real and treatable illness. Depression is just about the loneliest experience in the world. Depressed people, who are often poor communicators place more demands on a marriage with their greater need for caring and support and end up in unhappier marriages. Depression affects teenagers, pensioners and everyone in between; married people, single people, rich and poor. clinical depression affects 15% of the population, and a third of all women. Sometimes people become depressed for what seems like a good reason - maybe they lost their job or a close friend passed away - but with clinical depression there doesn’t necessarily have to be a reason for how you feel. Depressive disorders come in different forms, just as is the case with other illnesses such as heart disease. Major depression is manifested by a combination of symptoms (see symptom list) that interfere with the ability to work, study, sleep, eat, and enjoy once pleasurable activities. Such a disabling episode of depression may occur only once but more commonly occurs several times in a lifetime. A less severe type of depression, dysthymia, involves long-term, chronic symptoms that do not disable, but keep one from functioning well or from feeling good.

Depression can coexist with other illnesses. Seasonal affective disorder may point to an atavistic link with behaviour in hibernation. In some families, depressive disorders seem to occur generation after generation; however, they can also occur in people with no family history of these illnesses. Many people with dysthymia also experience major depressive episodes at some time in their lives. Depression has been found to occur at a higher rate among people who have other serious illnesses such as heart disease, stroke, cancer, HIV, diabetes, and Parkinson’s. Depression can increase the risks for developing coronary artery disease, HIV, asthma, and some other medical illnesses. Many people just don’t realize that depression can cause so many problems or so much pain. Another type of depression is bipolar disorder, also called manic-depressive illness. Not nearly as prevalent as other forms of depressive disorders, bipolar disorder is characterized by cycling mood changes: severe highs (mania) and lows (depression). Furthermore, it can increase the morbidity (illness) and mortality (death) from these conditions. Teens who were confused about their orientation were also more prone to suicide. Among these teens, boys were 3.4 times more likely and girls were 2.5 times more likely than teens to attempt suicide at least once in the past year.

Depression may occur only once in a person’s life. Social conditions like poverty, homelessness, and community violence can make it more likely for people to become depressed. Two hallmarks of depression — symptoms key to establishing are Loss of interest in normal daily activities. Depressed mood. You feel sad, helpless or hopeless, and may have crying spells. Depression symptoms are characterized not only by negative thoughts, moods, and behaviors, but also by specific changes in bodily functions (for example, irregular eating, sleeping, crying spells, and decreased libido). Sometimes the mood switches are dramatic and rapid, but most often they are gradual. Other symptoms of other psychological problems, such as anxiety, panic attacks, obsessions or phobias, which mask the depression. Women experience depression about twice as often as men.1 Many hormonal factors may contribute to the increased rate of depression in women particularly such factors as menstrual cycle changes, pregnancy, miscarriage, postpartum period, pre-menopause, and menopause. Treatment may also include psychotherapy, which may help you cope with ongoing problems that may trigger or contribute to depression. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, such as fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem), paroxetine (Paxil), sertraline (Zoloft), citalopram (Celexa) and escitalopram (Lexapro), as the first-line treatment for depression because they have fewer serious side effects.



Thanks to Juliet Cohen for contributing this article to our Depression blog:

Drugs To Treat Depression

There are many different types of depression. Depression can take many forms, and so many healthcare professionals use a number of different terms when referring to depression. Seasonal affective disorder, clinical depression, and bipolar depression are all commonly diagnosed types of depression. What really causes a lot of confusion when someone is diagnosed with depression is that it can very often overlap with another illness. Conditions such as substance abuse or an eating disorder may be confused with depression, and can make any form of depression rather hard to diagnose. The following are some very common forms of depression.

You will hear the term major depression when you are experiencing one of the depressive disorders that are severe enough to require treatment. For example, say you are very active at your local gym but have experienced some type of severe emotional trauma and start to avoid the gym at all costs. It is very likely that you could be experiencing a bout with major depression.

Another one of the major types of depression is bipolar depression (also known as manic depressive illness). Bipolar depression is commonly recognized as someone experiencing being overly happy, then suddenly becoming horribly depressed. Many doctors believe that bipolar depression is an imbalance in the brain that can often be successfully treated with medications.

One of the major types of depression that women are known to suffer from is postpartum depression. Healthcare professionals have determined that many women suffering from postpartum depression have already suffered from some form of depression previously. Most women that go through giving birth feel badly the first few days afterward. However, those that are not able to snap out of the depressive feelings can experience them for months, if not years, if not properly treated.

Of the many types of depression, a common subtype of depression is seasonal affective disorder. This form of depression seems to be tied to the way people react to the amount of sunlight that is available to them each day. Light therapy by use of special lamps is a common treatment for those suffering from seasonal affective disorder.

A very serious form of the many types of depression is psychotic depression. Those that suffer from psychotic depression very often hear voices in their head in addition to having visual delusions. Individuals that are suffering from this need to have someone help them seek treatment as soon as possible. Most sufferers are not able to think rationally, and therefore are likely to hurt themselves or others. Psychotic depression strikes about 15% of individuals suffering from major depression.

People that seem to be suffering constantly from a mild form of depression are likely to be suffering from dysthymia. People that are suffering from dysthymia can also be hit with a bout of major depression, the more severe form of depression that results in necessary close medical monitoring and aggressive treatment.

Another of the many types of depression that are very commonly suffered by women is atypical depression. This form of depression is commonly marked by experiencing things like panic attacks, overeating, and sleeping disturbances. Someone with atypical depression will feel depressed for a period of time, feel better, and then feel worse again. Atypical depression is very common in a person’s younger years, and if gone untreated will follow them into adulthood.

No matter which one of the many types of depression you might be suffering from, knowing the difference between them is the best way to get the best possible treatment. Once you know which is the best course of treatment you will know the best way to battle whichever of the many different types of depression that you might be suffering from.



Thanks to Ryan King for contributing this article to our Depression blog:

Why Am I Depressed